HS code adaptation for local regulations

Engine knowledge: Analysis of engine basic knowledge The HS code adaptation for local regulationsengine is the core component of the car and the source of power that drives the car. Mastering the basic knowledge of engines is very important for car enthusiasts, car owners and maintenance personnel. This article will analyze the structure, working principle, classification and common faults of the engine to help readers fully understand the relevant knowledge of the engine. I. Engine structure The engine is composed of cylinder, piston, crankshaft, connecting rod, valve, fuel system, ignition system, cooling system, lubrication system and exhaust system and other parts. Among them, the cylinder is the basic part of the engine, and the arrangement of different cylinders determines the type and performance of the engine. At present, the common types of engines on the market include: 1.In-line engine: the cylinder is arranged in a straight line, with a simple structure, and is often used in small cars and cars; 2. V-type engine: the cylinder forms a certain angle, the structure is complex, and it is often used in SUVs, large cars and sports cars; 3. W-type engine: made of multiple V-type engines, complex structure, often used in high-performance sports cars and super sports cars; 4. Horizontal engine: the cylinders are arranged horizontally and the structure is compact, which is often used in small cars and city cars. II. Working principle of the engine The working principle of the engine can be simply summarized as: through the combustion of a mixture of fuel and air in the cylinder, an explosive chemical reaction is carried out, the piston is driven downward, and the movement of the piston is converted into rotational motion through the connecting rod and crankshaft, thus driving the movement of automobile tires. The specific process is: 1. InhaleProcess: The piston moves down, the valve opens, a low-pressure area is formed in the cylinder, and the external air enters the cylinder; 2. Compression process: the piston moves upwards, the valve closes, and the air is compressed to form a high-pressure area; 3. Combustion process: the ignition system ignites the spark of the mixed gas to form an explosive chemical reaction, energy is released, the pressure rises, and the piston moves down; 4. Exhaust process: The valve is opened again, and the combustion exhaust gas is discharged from the cylinder to prepare for the next intake. III. Engine classification can be divided into gasoline engines and diesel engines according to the type of fuel. Gasoline engines are burned with gasoline as fuel, and diesel engines are burned with diesel as fuel. Diesel engines are relatively durable and fuel-efficient, suitable for large-duty vehicles, while gasoline engines have simple structure and good acceleration performance, suitable for small vehicles and high-performance sports cars.According to the cylinder form, it can be divided into single-cylinder engine and multi-cylinder engine. The increase in the number of multi-cylinder engine cylinders can effectively improve the performance of the engine. According to the air intake method, it can be divided into naturally aspirated engines and supercharged engines. Supercharged engines can improve engine power and fuel efficiency through compressed gas, but also require more complex auxiliary equipment and higher operating costs. IV. Long-term use of common faults and environmental factors of cars will lead to some common engine faults, such as: 1. The car is difficult to start or unable to start, which may be due to insufficient battery power or failure of the ignition system; 2. The increase in engine noise or vibration may be due to damage to the valve or gas distribution mechanism; 3. The throttle valve does not respond or the throttle fails, which may be a throttle valve, throttle electronic control or oil pump failure; 4. The decrease in acceleration of the car may be due to the failure of spark plugs, oil pumps, fuel nozzles or fuel filters;5. Problems with the engine cooling system may lead to serious situations such as rising the temperature of the car and even bursting the engine cylinder. V. Summarize that the engine is the most core part of the car. Understanding the basic knowledge of the engine can help us better understand the use and maintenance of the car. The structure, working principle, classification and common faults of the engine are all knowledge that car enthusiasts and car owners must master. We can choose the suitable engine type and configuration according to actual needs to help the car give full play to its performance. At the same time, timely maintenance of the engine can extend the service life of the car and make it safer and more secure in daily driving.

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